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Tag: Maharashtrian

  • Kanda Poha

    Kanda poha is the everyday breakfast of Maharashtra and the dish served to guests in the traditional bride-viewing visit, so much so that the visit itself is jokingly called kanda-pohe. It takes fifteen minutes, uses pantry staples and appears on breakfast plates from Nagpur to Kolhapur. In Vidarbha it is also eaten as an evening snack from roadside stalls.

    The flattened rice is rinsed, not soaked, so it softens while keeping a light, fluffy bite. Onions are cooked only until translucent so they keep a little sweetness and crunch, and turmeric gives the familiar yellow colour. Peanuts add crunch, while lemon, sugar and fresh coconut balance the dish. Each grain stays separate and soft.

    Poha is eaten hot, topped with sev, chopped coriander and a lemon wedge, with a cup of tea. Some families add potato cubes, called batata poha, or green peas in winter. In Indore, a neighbouring city across the border, poha is steamed and topped with jeeravan masala and sev, and in Nagpur it comes with spicy tarri.

    At a glance

    RegionMaharashtra
    CuisineMaharashtrian
    DietVegan
    CourseBreakfast
    Prep time10 minutes
    Cook time10 minutes
    Total time20 minutes
    Serves3
    Spice levelMild
    DifficultyEasy
    Gluten-freeYes
    Key ingredientsthick poha / onion / peanuts / curry leaves

    Ingredients

    • 2 cups (150 g) thick poha
    • 2 tbsp oil
    • 2 tbsp raw peanuts
    • 1 tsp mustard seeds
    • 1/2 tsp cumin seeds
    • A pinch of asafoetida
    • 10 curry leaves
    • 2 green chillies, chopped
    • 2 medium onions, chopped
    • 1/2 tsp turmeric
    • 1 tsp sugar
    • 3/4 tsp salt
    • 1 tbsp lemon juice
    • 2 tbsp chopped coriander
    • 2 tbsp grated fresh coconut
    • Nylon sev to garnish (optional)

    Method

    1. Put the poha in a colander and rinse under running water for 15-20 seconds, tossing with your fingers, until just softened. Drain well and leave for 5 minutes.
    2. Sprinkle sugar and salt over the damp poha and toss gently with your fingers to loosen any clumps.
    3. Heat oil in a kadhai on medium. Fry the peanuts for 2 minutes until golden and remove them.
    4. In the same oil, crackle mustard seeds, then add cumin, asafoetida, curry leaves and green chillies for 20 seconds.
    5. Add onions and cook for 3-4 minutes on medium until soft and translucent but not brown. Stir in turmeric.
    6. Add the poha and fried peanuts and toss gently until evenly yellow. Cover and cook on low for 2 minutes so it steams.
    7. Turn off the heat, add lemon juice and coriander and toss. Serve topped with coconut and sev.

    Tips

    • Do not soak poha in a bowl of water; rinsing is enough. Soaked poha turns mushy.
    • Use thick (jada) poha; thin poha is meant for chivda.
    • Add turmeric after the onions soften, not with the hot oil, so it does not burn.

    Serve with

    Hot tea, with sev and a lemon wedge on top.

  • Sabudana Khichdi

    Sabudana khichdi is the most popular fasting food in Maharashtra, eaten on Ekadashi, Mahashivratri, Navratri and on weekly fast days. Tapioca pearls were introduced to India in the nineteenth century and became permitted upvas food because they are not a grain. Every Maharashtrian kitchen has an opinion about how to get the pearls soft but separate.

    Properly made, the khichdi is a pile of glossy, chewy, translucent pearls coated in coarsely ground roasted peanuts, with soft cubes of potato, green chilli heat, cumin and a squeeze of lemon. It should never be gluey. The trick lies in soaking: just enough water to barely cover the pearls, then a long rest so they absorb it.

    Apart from fasts, it is a much-loved breakfast in Pune and Mumbai, sold at small eateries with a bowl of curd on the side. Eat it hot, as it hardens as it cools. A small piece of cucumber or a few grapes on the side is a traditional fasting-day pairing. Ground peanuts are essential, both for flavour and for keeping the pearls apart.

    At a glance

    RegionMaharashtra
    CuisineMaharashtrian
    DietVegetarian
    CourseBreakfast
    Prep time10 minutes
    Cook time15 minutes
    Total time25 minutes
    Serves3
    Spice levelMild
    DifficultyEasy
    Gluten-freeYes
    Key ingredientssabudana / peanuts / potato / green chilli

    Ingredients

    • 1 cup (160 g) medium sabudana
    • Water to soak
    • 1/2 cup raw peanuts
    • 2 tbsp ghee
    • 1 tsp cumin seeds
    • 2-3 green chillies, chopped
    • 8 curry leaves (optional, some families skip during fasts)
    • 1 medium potato, boiled and cubed
    • 1 tsp sugar
    • 3/4 tsp sendha namak (rock salt)
    • 1 tbsp lemon juice
    • 2 tbsp chopped coriander
    • 1 tbsp grated fresh coconut (optional)

    Method

    1. Rinse the sabudana 2-3 times, rubbing gently, until the water runs clearer. Drain and add water just to the level of the pearls, not above. Cover and soak for 6 hours or overnight.
    2. Check: a pearl pressed between your fingers should squash completely with no hard white centre. Fluff with a fork; the pearls should be separate and dry, not sitting in water.
    3. Dry roast the peanuts in a pan on medium for 5-6 minutes until the skins blister. Cool, rub off the skins and pulse to a coarse powder.
    4. Mix the soaked sabudana with the peanut powder, sugar and salt. The peanut coats each pearl and is what prevents stickiness.
    5. Heat ghee in a wide non-stick pan on medium. Add cumin, and when it splutters add green chillies and curry leaves for 20 seconds. Add the potato cubes and saute for 2 minutes.
    6. Add the sabudana mixture and toss gently. Cook on low-medium for 5-7 minutes, stirring lightly every minute, until most pearls turn translucent.
    7. Turn off the heat, squeeze in lemon juice and fold in coriander and coconut. Serve immediately.

    Tips

    • Too much soaking water is the main cause of sticky khichdi. If the pearls feel wet, spread them on a plate for 15 minutes before cooking.
    • Cook on low heat and stop as soon as the pearls are translucent; overcooking turns them gluey.
    • Varieties differ: some sabudana needs only 3-4 hours of soaking, so do the squash test.

    Serve with

    A bowl of chilled curd or a glass of sweet lassi.

  • Puran Poli

    Puran poli is the festive sweet bread of Maharashtra, made for Holi, Gudi Padwa, Ganesh Chaturthi and Pola, the bullock festival. Chana dal is cooked with jaggery until it becomes a thick, fragrant paste called puran, which is wrapped in a very soft dough and rolled thin. Karnataka has obbattu, Gujarat has vedmi, but the Maharashtrian poli is known for being paper-thin.

    The dough is made very soft and pliable with plenty of oil, often with maida mixed into wheat flour so it stretches without tearing. Inside, the puran is sweet, smooth and perfumed with cardamom and nutmeg. Each poli is roasted dry on a tawa until speckled and then brushed with ghee.

    It is eaten warm with a generous pour of ghee or with a cup of milk. The dal water is never thrown away: it becomes katachi amti, a thin, spiced dal served alongside. Making puran poli is a family effort and a skill passed down through generations. Leftover polis are often eaten the next morning.

    At a glance

    RegionMaharashtra
    CuisineMaharashtrian
    DietVegetarian
    CourseDessert
    Prep time40 minutes
    Cook time60 minutes
    Total time100 minutes
    Serves6
    Spice levelMild
    DifficultyHard
    Gluten-freeNo
    Key ingredientschana dal / jaggery / wheat flour / ghee

    Ingredients

    For the puran

    • 1 cup (200 g) chana dal, soaked 2 hours
    • 3 cups water
    • 1 cup (200 g) grated jaggery
    • 2 tbsp sugar
    • 1/2 tsp cardamom powder
    • 1/4 tsp grated nutmeg
    • 1 tsp ghee

    For the dough

    • 1 cup (120 g) fine whole wheat flour
    • 1/2 cup (60 g) maida
    • 1/4 tsp turmeric
    • A pinch of salt
    • 1/4 cup oil
    • Water as needed

    For rolling and roasting

    • Rice flour for dusting
    • Ghee to serve

    Method

    1. Make the dough: mix flours, turmeric and salt, add water gradually and knead to a very soft, sticky dough. Pour 2 tbsp oil over it and knead for 5 minutes until it absorbs. Add the rest of the oil, cover and rest for at least 1 hour.
    2. Pressure cook the soaked chana dal with 3 cups water for 3-4 whistles until it mashes easily between your fingers but is not mushy.
    3. Drain the dal in a colander for 10 minutes, saving the water for katachi amti.
    4. Put the dal and jaggery in a heavy pan on medium heat. The jaggery will melt and make it loose. Stir continuously for 15-20 minutes until it thickens; it is ready when a spoon stands upright in the centre.
    5. Add sugar, cardamom, nutmeg and ghee. While still hot, pass the mixture through a puran yantra or mash smooth with a masher. Cool completely, then divide into 12 balls.
    6. Oil your hands, take a lemon-sized piece of dough, flatten it into a cup and place a puran ball (about twice the dough's size) inside. Bring the edges up, seal and pinch off excess dough.
    7. Dust generously with rice flour and roll gently, without pressing hard, into a thin 8-inch circle. Rotate often and dust again if it sticks.
    8. Roast on a medium-hot tawa for about 1 minute until light brown spots appear underneath, flip and roast the other side. Do not add ghee while roasting. Brush with ghee and serve warm.

    Tips

    • If the puran is not cooked thick enough, it will ooze out while rolling. Do the spoon test before turning off the heat.
    • A very soft, well-oiled dough is the key to thin polis; rest it for at least an hour.
    • Polis keep for 2-3 days and can be warmed on a tawa.

    Serve with

    A spoon of ghee, warm milk, or katachi amti on the side.

  • Misal Pav

    Misal is a breakfast institution across Maharashtra, with fierce loyalty to regional styles. Kolhapur's misal is the hottest, with a thin, oily red rassa; Puneri misal adds poha and potato; Nashik's is dark and black-masala heavy. All share the same structure: a bowl of spiced sprouted beans, a ladle of fiery gravy called kat or tarri, and a mountain of crunchy farsan on top.

    The base is usually matki (moth bean) sprouts cooked with onion and tomato, while the kat gets its colour and heat from Kolhapuri chilli and a roasted paste of dry coconut, onion and garlic. Eating it is a balance act: crunch from farsan, cool sharpness from raw onion and lemon, and heat from the rassa, which you pour in to your own tolerance.

    Misal is eaten with soft pav, often with a glass of buttermilk or a cup of tea to soothe the heat. Restaurants serve the kat separately so you can top up as you eat. Pune, Nashik and Kolhapur each claim the best misal in the state, and every town has its famous joint with a queue outside on Sunday mornings.

    At a glance

    RegionMaharashtra
    CuisineMaharashtrian
    DietVegan
    CourseBreakfast
    Prep time20 minutes
    Cook time40 minutes
    Total time60 minutes
    Serves4
    Spice levelHot
    DifficultyMedium
    Gluten-freeNo
    Key ingredientsmatki sprouts / dry coconut / onion / farsan

    Ingredients

    For the masala paste

    • 1 tbsp oil
    • 1 large onion, sliced
    • 1/3 cup dry coconut (kopra), grated
    • 8 garlic cloves
    • 1 inch ginger
    • 1 tomato, chopped

    For the usal and kat

    • 2 cups matki sprouts
    • 4 tbsp oil
    • 1 tsp mustard seeds
    • A pinch of asafoetida
    • 10 curry leaves
    • 1 small onion, finely chopped
    • 1/2 tsp turmeric
    • 2 tsp Kolhapuri or Kashmiri red chilli powder
    • 1 tsp hot red chilli powder
    • 2 tsp goda masala or kanda-lasun masala
    • 1 1/2 tsp salt
    • 1 small piece jaggery
    • 2 kokum petals
    • 4 cups hot water

    To serve

    • 2 cups mixed farsan or chivda
    • 1 onion, finely chopped
    • 1/2 cup chopped coriander
    • Lemon wedges
    • 8 pav

    Method

    1. Heat 1 tbsp oil, add the sliced onion and fry on medium for 5-6 minutes until brown. Add the coconut and roast for 3-4 minutes, stirring, until it turns reddish-brown and fragrant. Add garlic, ginger and tomato for 1 minute. Cool and grind to a fine paste with a little water.
    2. Pressure cook the matki sprouts with 1 1/2 cups water, a pinch of turmeric and salt for 1 whistle only. They should be cooked but hold their shape.
    3. Heat 4 tbsp oil in a pot on medium. Crackle the mustard seeds, add asafoetida, curry leaves and the chopped onion and cook for 3-4 minutes until soft.
    4. Add the ground masala paste and fry for 5-6 minutes, stirring often, until the oil separates and the paste darkens.
    5. Lower the heat, add turmeric, both chilli powders and goda masala and stir for 30 seconds without burning.
    6. Remove one-third of this masala to a separate pan for the kat. Add the cooked matki with its water to the main pot, plus 1 cup hot water, half the salt, jaggery and a kokum petal. Simmer for 10 minutes to make the usal.
    7. To the reserved masala add 3 cups hot water, the rest of the salt and a kokum petal. Boil for 10-12 minutes until a layer of red oil (tarri) floats on top. This is the kat.
    8. To serve, ladle usal into a bowl, pour kat over it, top with farsan, chopped onion and coriander, and add a lemon wedge. Serve with pav and extra kat on the side.

    Tips

    • Do not overcook the sprouts; mushy matki makes the misal pasty.
    • The red oil layer on the kat is the hallmark of a good misal; let it boil until you see it.
    • Add the farsan only at the table so it stays crunchy.

    Serve with

    Soft pav, buttermilk or cutting chai, and extra kat in a jug.

  • Pav Bhaji

    Pav bhaji began in the 1850s as a quick, cheap lunch for textile mill workers and cotton traders in Mumbai, who needed something hot and filling during long shifts. Vendors mashed leftover vegetables with tomatoes and spices on a large flat tawa and served them with bread rolls. Juhu beach and Girgaum Chowpatty stalls made it famous across the country.

    The bhaji is a thick, spicy mash of potatoes, cauliflower, peas, capsicum, onion and tomato, cooked down in butter with pav bhaji masala until everything melts together. It is bright red from Kashmiri chilli and rich from the butter. The pav is split and toasted on the same tawa with butter and a pinch of masala until crisp at the edges.

    It is evening food, eaten at the beach, at fairs and at family get-togethers. Serve it with raw onion, lemon wedges and another knob of butter on top. Leftover bhaji becomes a filling for toasted sandwiches. Juhu stalls also offer cheese pav bhaji and khada pav bhaji, where the vegetables are left in chunks rather than mashed, but the classic smooth version remains the favourite.

    At a glance

    RegionMaharashtra
    CuisineMaharashtrian
    DietVegetarian
    CourseStreet food
    Prep time20 minutes
    Cook time35 minutes
    Total time55 minutes
    Serves4
    Spice levelMedium
    DifficultyEasy
    Gluten-freeNo
    Key ingredientspotato / tomato / butter / pav

    Ingredients

    For the bhaji

    • 3 medium potatoes, peeled and cubed
    • 1 cup cauliflower florets
    • 1/2 cup green peas
    • 1 small carrot, chopped (optional)
    • 4 tbsp butter, plus more to finish
    • 1 large onion, finely chopped
    • 1 tbsp ginger-garlic paste
    • 1 green capsicum, finely chopped
    • 4 large tomatoes, finely chopped
    • 2 tsp Kashmiri red chilli powder
    • 2 1/2 tbsp pav bhaji masala
    • 1/4 tsp turmeric
    • 1 1/2 tsp salt
    • 1 tbsp lemon juice
    • 3 tbsp chopped coriander

    For the pav

    • 8 pav
    • 3 tbsp butter
    • 1/2 tsp pav bhaji masala
    • 1 tbsp chopped coriander

    To serve

    • 1 onion, finely chopped
    • Lemon wedges

    Method

    1. Pressure cook the potatoes, cauliflower, peas and carrot with 1 cup water for 3 whistles until very soft. Mash coarsely with a potato masher, keeping the cooking water.
    2. Heat 4 tbsp butter in a wide, heavy pan or tawa on medium. Add the onion and cook for 4-5 minutes until soft and pale gold. Add ginger-garlic paste and stir for 1 minute.
    3. Add the capsicum and cook for 3 minutes until it softens. Add the tomatoes and cook for 6-8 minutes, mashing, until they break down into a pulp.
    4. Stir in chilli powder, pav bhaji masala, turmeric and salt and cook for 2 minutes until the butter starts to separate and the masala smells fragrant.
    5. Add the mashed vegetables with their water. Mash everything together vigorously with the masher for 4-5 minutes, adding hot water to keep it at a thick, spoonable consistency.
    6. Simmer on low for 10 minutes, stirring and mashing occasionally, until the colour deepens and it tastes cohesive. Finish with lemon juice, coriander and a spoon of butter.
    7. For the pav, melt butter on a tawa with pav bhaji masala and coriander. Slit the pav, press them cut side down into the butter and toast for 1 minute, then flip and toast the outside until crisp.

    Tips

    • Kashmiri chilli gives the signature red colour without too much heat. A teaspoon of beetroot is the vendor trick for deeper colour.
    • Keep mashing as it cooks; the smooth, homogeneous texture is what distinguishes good pav bhaji.
    • Do not skimp on butter at the end; it carries the masala flavour.

    Serve with

    Butter-toasted pav, chopped onion, lemon wedges and a cube of butter on top.

  • Shrikhand

    Shrikhand is the strained-yogurt dessert of Maharashtra and Gujarat, made by hanging curd until it becomes chakka, a dense, cream-cheese-like mass, then beating it with sugar and flavourings. It is the centrepiece of Gudi Padwa lunches in Maharashtra and appears at weddings and festivals across both states. Amrakhand, with mango pulp, is the summer variation.

    The texture is smooth, thick and spoonable, cool on the tongue and gently tangy beneath the sweetness. Saffron gives a pale gold colour, cardamom and a little nutmeg add warmth, and chopped pistachios or charoli bring crunch. Good shrikhand is never grainy; passing it through a sieve after sweetening is what gives that silky finish.

    Shrikhand-puri is the classic pairing, with the hot, puffed puris used to scoop up the cold dessert. It is also served as a side in the festive thali next to batata bhaji and masale bhaat. Made at home it keeps well chilled for four days. Elaichi, kesar and mango versions are also sold in tubs across Maharashtra.

    At a glance

    RegionMaharashtra
    CuisineMaharashtrian
    DietVegetarian
    CourseDessert
    Prep time20 minutes
    Cook time0 minutes
    Total time20 minutes
    Serves4
    Spice levelMild
    DifficultyEasy
    Gluten-freeYes
    Key ingredientscurd / sugar / saffron / cardamom

    Ingredients

    • 1 kg fresh full-fat curd (yields about 450 g chakka)
    • 3/4 to 1 cup powdered sugar, to taste
    • A generous pinch of saffron soaked in 2 tbsp warm milk
    • 1/2 tsp cardamom powder
    • A small pinch of grated nutmeg
    • 1 tbsp chopped pistachios
    • 1 tbsp charoli (chironji) or sliced almonds

    Method

    1. Line a large sieve with a clean muslin cloth and set it over a bowl. Pour in the curd, gather the corners and tie into a bundle.
    2. Hang the bundle from a tap or place the sieve with a weight on top in the refrigerator for 8-10 hours, or overnight, until the curd is thick and no longer drips. It should hold its shape like soft paneer.
    3. Scrape the chakka into a bowl. Add the powdered sugar and mix with a spatula until the sugar dissolves completely; the mixture will loosen at first.
    4. Push the mixture through a fine sieve or a puran yantra with the back of a spoon. This step removes any lumps and makes it silky.
    5. Stir in the saffron milk, cardamom and nutmeg. Taste and add a little more sugar if needed.
    6. Fold in half the nuts, transfer to a serving bowl and top with the remaining nuts. Chill for at least 2 hours before serving.

    Tips

    • Hang the curd in the fridge, not on the counter, or it will turn too sour in warm weather.
    • Use powdered sugar rather than granulated so it dissolves without leaving grains.
    • Keep the drained whey; it is excellent for kneading chapati dough or in kadhi.

    Serve with

    Hot puris and batata bhaji, as part of a Gudi Padwa thali.

  • Vada Pav

    Vada pav was born in the 1960s near Dadar station in Mumbai, when Ashok Vaidya started selling batata vadas inside pav to mill workers who needed something cheap, filling and quick. It became the city's signature street food and an emblem of Mumbai itself, sold at thousands of stalls from early morning to late night.

    The vada is a ball of mashed potato tempered with mustard seeds, curry leaves, plenty of garlic, ginger and green chilli, dipped in a thin besan batter and fried until crisp. It goes into a soft, split pav smeared with red dry garlic chutney and a tangy green chutney. Bits of fried batter, called chura, are often sprinkled inside for extra crunch.

    It is eaten on the go, standing at the stall, with a fried green chilli sprinkled with salt. At home it makes a good monsoon evening snack. The vadas can be made ahead and fried just before eating. The garlic chutney is the soul of the dish, so make a good batch with dry coconut, garlic and red chilli and store it in a jar for weeks.

    At a glance

    RegionMaharashtra
    CuisineMaharashtrian
    DietVegan
    CourseStreet food
    Prep time25 minutes
    Cook time25 minutes
    Total time50 minutes
    Serves4
    Spice levelHot
    DifficultyMedium
    Gluten-freeNo
    Key ingredientspotato / besan / pav / garlic

    Ingredients

    For the potato filling

    • 4 medium potatoes (about 500 g), boiled, peeled and coarsely mashed
    • 2 tbsp oil
    • 1 tsp mustard seeds
    • A pinch of asafoetida
    • 10 curry leaves
    • 8 garlic cloves, 1 inch ginger and 3 green chillies, pounded coarsely
    • 1/2 tsp turmeric
    • 1 tsp salt
    • 2 tbsp chopped coriander
    • 1 tsp lemon juice

    For the batter

    • 1 cup (100 g) besan
    • 1/4 tsp turmeric
    • 1/4 tsp red chilli powder
    • A pinch of baking soda
    • 1/2 tsp salt
    • About 3/4 cup water

    To assemble

    • 8 ladi pav
    • Dry garlic chutney (lasun chutney)
    • Green coriander chutney
    • 8 green chillies, slit
    • Oil for deep frying

    Method

    1. Heat oil on medium, crackle the mustard seeds, then add asafoetida, curry leaves and the pounded garlic-ginger-chilli. Saute for 1 minute until the raw garlic smell fades.
    2. Add turmeric, then the mashed potatoes and salt. Mix well for 2 minutes, turn off the heat and stir in coriander and lemon juice. Cool, then shape into 8 balls slightly flattened.
    3. Whisk the besan, turmeric, chilli powder, soda and salt with water into a smooth batter, thinner than pakora batter, that coats a spoon in a thin layer.
    4. Heat oil to medium-hot, about 175 C. Dip each vada in the batter, coat fully and slide into the oil.
    5. Fry 3-4 at a time for 3-4 minutes, turning, until the coating is crisp and light golden. Drain. Drizzle a little leftover batter into the oil to make crunchy chura and drain that too.
    6. Fry the slit green chillies in the same oil for 30 seconds until blistered, then toss with salt.
    7. Slit each pav horizontally without cutting through. Spread green chutney on one side and sprinkle dry garlic chutney generously on the other. Add some chura, place a hot vada inside and press lightly.

    Tips

    • Mash the potatoes by hand, not in a mixer, so the filling has texture and does not turn gluey.
    • A thinner batter gives the thin, crisp shell of the street version; thick batter makes it doughy.
    • Warm the pav on a tawa for a few seconds if it is a day old.

    Serve with

    Fried salted green chillies and cutting chai.